Harmful sexual behaviour (HSB) is a critical concern that requires careful attention and intervention.
By raising awareness and providing guidance, Meadows Psychology Service aims to support professionals and organisations on this sensitive subject.
This issue is prevalent in today’s society but with the right support, recurrence of HSB can be prevented and the vast majority of young people who engage in HSB will not go on to re-offend sexually.
In this blog post, we will explore the signs of harmful sexual behaviour, the factors that contribute to it, and the steps you can take if you notice these behaviours in a child.
What is HSB (Harmful Sexual Behaviour)?
HSB is a term used to describe developmentally inappropriate sexual behaviour displayed by children or young people, which is harmful or abusive (Hackett, 2014).
Recognising these behaviours early is crucial for the child’s well-being and for ensuring appropriate interventions.
Signs of Harmful Sexualised Behaviour
Here are some key indicators to look out for:
Developmentally Inappropriate Behaviour
Developmentally inappropriate behaviour in regards to HSB is dependent on the child’s developmental stage.
It’s important to consider the behaviour within the context of the child’s age and stage of development.
This is because certain behaviours may be developmentally appropriate at one stage of the child’s development but may be problematic or perhaps harmful in another.
Excessive or Compulsive Behaviour
Persistent or obsessive interest in sexual content or activities. Engaging in masturbation frequently and inappropriately, such as in public or in a way that interferes with normal activities.
Coercive or Aggressive Behaviour
Trying to involve other children in sexual activities against their will or using coercion. Engaging in sexual behaviour that is violent or aggressive.
Secrecy and Manipulation
Insisting on privacy or secrecy around their activities, especially if they previously did not exhibit such behaviour.
Using bribery, threats, or manipulation to involve others in sexual activities.
Impact on Daily Life
Sexual behaviour that disrupts the child’s normal activities, such as schooling, play, or social interactions.
Showing signs of anxiety, depression, or other emotional disturbances linked to their sexual behaviour.
Victimisation Indicators
Sudden changes in how the child interacts with peers or adults, particularly if they become overly sexual or withdrawn.
Physical signs of abuse, such as unexplained injuries, bruising in genital areas, or sexually transmitted infections.
Age-Inappropriate Interactions
Showing a preference for socialising with children significantly younger or older, especially if these interactions have a sexual component.
Engaging in touching that is inappropriate for the child’s age and stage of development, especially if it involves genital areas.
Distorted Understanding of Boundaries
Failing to respect personal boundaries, either their own or others, and exhibiting intrusive behaviour.
Not understanding the concept of consent and engaging in sexual behaviour without awareness of the consequences.
Factors Contributing to Harmful Sexualised Behaviour
Family Environment and Dynamics
Children often model behaviour observed in parents or caregivers.
Dysfunctional family dynamics, including poor communication, lack of emotional support, or inappropriate sexual behaviours exhibited by family members, can contribute to harmful sexualised behaviour in children.
Exposure to domestic violence can lead to emotional and behavioural issues, including harmful sexualised behaviour.
Children in such environments might develop skewed perceptions of relationships and boundaries.
Also, inadequate supervision and neglect can leave children vulnerable to engaging in or being exposed to inappropriate sexual activities without corrective guidance from adults.
Exposure to Inappropriate Sexual Content
Access to sexual content through television, movies, music, and especially the internet can expose children to inappropriate behaviours.
This exposure can lead to imitating actions they do not fully understand.
Exposure to pornography, whether accidental or deliberate, can significantly impact a child’s perception of sex and relationships. Children might mimic what they see without grasping the context or consent aspects involved.
Without proper parental controls and supervision, children can easily stumble upon or seek out inappropriate sexual material on the internet.
Peer Influences and Social Factors
Children are highly influenced by their peers.
Exposure to peers who engage in or encourage harmful sexualised behaviour can lead to imitation and normalisation of such actions.
Also, victims of bullying may exhibit harmful sexualised behaviour as a misguided attempt to fit in or exert power. Similarly, bullies may use sexualised behaviour as a form of aggression.
It’s worth noting that cultural attitudes towards sexuality, gender roles, and behaviour can shape a child’s understanding and actions.
In some cases, societal norms that are permissive of sexual misconduct can lead to harmful behaviours.
Immediate Steps if You Notice Harmful Sexualised Behaviour
Here are the recommended steps to take:
- Stay calm and composed – Approach the child with understanding and reassure them that you are there to help.
- Ensure immediate safety – Ensure that any potential victims are safe and separated from the child exhibiting HSB. Address any immediate dangers or risky situations to prevent further harm.
- Document observations – Note down specific behaviours, incidents, dates, and contexts to provide a clear picture of the situation.
- Seek professional help – Reach out to child psychologists, counsellors, or social workers who specialise in HSB for guidance and support. If there are signs of abuse or the behaviour is severely harmful, contact child protection services or the police.
- Provide emotional support – Let the child know they are not alone and that help is available. Ensure the child feels safe to express their feelings and talk about their behaviour without fear of punishment.
- Implement boundaries and education – Educate the child on appropriate boundaries and the concept of consent in an age-appropriate manner. Supervise the child’s interactions with others to ensure they adhere to safe and respectful behaviour.
- Involve the Family – Keep the child’s family informed and involved in the process, ensuring they understand the situation and know how to support their child.
Helping Support Childhood Harmful Sexual Behaviour
Recognising and addressing harmful sexual behaviour in children is crucial for their well-being and development.
At Meadows Psychology Service, we are committed to providing the comprehensive support and resources needed to navigate these challenging situations.
Our services include thorough assessments, targeted training, staff and carer support, and therapeutic interventions to ensure effective management and positive outcomes.
If a child is exhibiting harmful sexual behaviour, remember that early intervention and support can make a significant difference.
Seek professional help to create an environment where children feel safe, understood, and guided toward healthy behaviours.
For assistance or further information, please reach out to us. Our team is here to help.
